{"id":289,"date":"2024-08-21T09:29:11","date_gmt":"2024-08-21T09:29:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/castco.wpenginepowered.com\/?post_type=ht_kb&#038;p=289"},"modified":"2024-11-21T15:51:37","modified_gmt":"2024-11-21T15:51:37","slug":"monitoring-purpose","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/castco.org\/knowledge-base\/monitoring-purpose\/","title":{"rendered":"Guidance: defining your primary monitoring purpose"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Purpose categories<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Four categories have been identified according to the primary purpose of each monitoring initiative:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Engagement<\/strong>: <br>Education and raising awareness<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Surveillance<\/strong>: <br>Ecosystem health screening<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Investigation: <\/strong><br>Helping to target further action<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Evaluation<\/strong>: <br>Assessing the impact of actions&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:65%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"915\" height=\"917\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-monitoring-purpose.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2119 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-monitoring-purpose.png 915w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-monitoring-purpose-640x641.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-monitoring-purpose-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-monitoring-purpose-768x770.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-monitoring-purpose-50x50.png 50w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 915px) 100vw, 915px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 915px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 915\/917;\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>These categories were formed by looking at the \u2018monitoring questions\u2019 submitted by the CaSTCo Demo\/+ catchments in the early phases of the project and also by referring to both the Chesapeake Monitoring Co-operative \u2018Tiered Framework for Data Collection and Integration for Nontraditional Monitoring\u2019 and the River Restoration Centre\u2019s PRAGMO (Practical Guide to Monitoring) guidance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-style-reverse-stack is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1384\" height=\"1058\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-tiers-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2131 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-tiers-1.png 1384w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-tiers-1-640x489.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-tiers-1-1024x783.png 1024w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-tiers-1-768x587.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-tiers-1-50x38.png 50w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/castco-tiers-1-1280x978.png 1280w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1384px) 100vw, 1384px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1384px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1384\/1058;\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Describing purpose in combination with tiers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The boundaries between the different categories of monitoring are often blurred \u2013 it is common for a monitoring programme to fulfil a range of the purposes outlined for each and also for programmes to shift emphasis over time (and location). Therefore the recommendations set out below are those considered the most likely for each type of monitoring \u2013 there are no doubt examples where higher or lower tiers of monitoring methods have been employed effectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The CaSTCo project Method Audit process is ongoing \u2013 so further information on which tiers specific methods will fall into, and the protocols required to achieve the tier classification will follow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/engagement-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2144 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/engagement-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/engagement-640x637.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/engagement-768x765.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/engagement-50x50.png 50w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/engagement.png 921w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 150px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 150\/150;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Engagement: Education and raising awareness<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Likely Tiers:  0 &#8211; 1<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Purpose<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Raise awareness of river\/catchment issues with new target audiences<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Introduce basic concepts of river\/catchment health monitoring<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Invites people to take part in more formal monitoring schemes &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1391\" height=\"1061\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier-1-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2132 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1391px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1391\/1061;width:612px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier-1-2.png 1391w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier-1-2-640x488.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier-1-2-1024x781.png 1024w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier-1-2-768x586.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier-1-2-50x38.png 50w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier-1-2-1280x976.png 1280w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1391px) 100vw, 1391px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Characteristics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Likely to be low-cost and easy-to-use techniques or visual assessment only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Applied in an ad hoc \/ informal manner<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Training\/support materials available at the point of need (i.e. little or no prior knowledge required)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Resultant data is not always analysed when it is high-level summaries are typical &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/case-study\/earthwatch-great-uk-waterblitz\/\" data-type=\"case-study\" data-id=\"475\">Freshwater Watch WaterBlitz<\/a> \u2013&nbsp; unstructured, \u2018one-off\u2019 with Tier 1 methods (Kyoritsu PackTest for nitrate and phosphate) &nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/case-study\/big-river-watch\/\" data-type=\"case-study\" data-id=\"1155\">Big River Watch<\/a> \u2013 unstructured visual assessment \u2013 Tier 0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/surveillance-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2149 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/surveillance-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/surveillance-640x637.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/surveillance-768x765.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/surveillance-50x50.png 50w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/surveillance.png 916w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 150px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 150\/150;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Surveillance: Ecosystem health screening<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-style-reverse-stack is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1375\" height=\"1067\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tiers-1-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2133 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1375px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1375\/1067;width:711px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tiers-1-2.png 1375w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tiers-1-2-640x497.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tiers-1-2-1024x795.png 1024w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tiers-1-2-768x596.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tiers-1-2-50x39.png 50w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tiers-1-2-1280x993.png 1280w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1375px) 100vw, 1375px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Likely Tiers:  1 &#8211; 2<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Purpose<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Provide a general baseline of river health<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Indicate potential pollution hotspots<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Identify opportunities for restoration or improvement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Act as a \u2018rallying cause\u2019 for communities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Act as an early warning of big changes to river health<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Target investigations and\/or higher tiers of monitoring &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Characteristics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Standardised approach, widely applied over the long term<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Examining a wide range of ecosystem health indicators at entry-level likely to include large numbers of volunteers and relatively high spatial density of sampling\/survey locations, therefore likely to be relatively low-cost \/ easy-to-use techniques<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Likely to include \u2018light touch\u2019 training (online and\/or peer-to-peer)sampling points chosen to be representative of overall catchment conditions (i.e. not unduly influenced by point source pollution)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sampling effort should be distributed evenly over the year with regular sampling interval (e.g. weekly, fortnightly or monthly for water sampling)data suitable for reporting via standardised \u2018report cards\u2019 enabling easy comparison between locations and\/or over time &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/wrt.org.uk\/westcountry-csi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Westcountry CSI<\/a> \u2013 a suite of Tier 1 methods + holistic visual assessment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/waterrangers.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Water Rangers<\/a> \u2013 structured, co-ordinated sampling using a standard suite of equipment (Tier 1) &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/investigation-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2150 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/investigation-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/investigation-640x639.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/investigation-768x767.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/investigation-50x50.png 50w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/investigation.png 913w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 150px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 150\/150;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Investigation: Helping to target further action<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Likely tiers: Most likely 2 \u2013 perhaps 1 or 3 in some cases (dependent on the nature of pressure\/intervention) \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Purpose<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Examine particular or suspected pressures in greater detail and provide information for designing management actions\/interventions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Identify sources of pollution &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1382\" height=\"1076\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2134 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1382px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1382\/1076;width:612px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2.png 1382w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-640x498.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-1024x797.png 1024w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-768x598.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-50x39.png 50w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-1280x997.png 1280w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1382px) 100vw, 1382px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Characteristics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Monitoring programme tailored to specific circumstances<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Likely to be more targeted \u2013 spatially, temporally or thematically<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>More exacting data quality requirements \u2013 need a high degree of confidence and\/or to detect small changes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Likely to employ higher cost \/ more accurate techniques<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>More comprehensive training is required<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Greater level of commitment required from volunteers Quality Control \/ Quality Assurance given greater emphasis linked to some kind of action (e.g. remediation\/mitigation\/restoration projects)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Likely to be for a limited duration, long enough to provide the required certainty but not indefinite<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Could form part of BACI design (Before \u2013 After \u2013 Control \u2013 Impact) and may be influenced by Ecosystem Health Screening monitoring programmes or pre-existing data or assessments (e.g. Water Framework Directive)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some degree of detailed data analysis and reporting required &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>iWharfe Upper \u2013 identifying sources of faecal bacteria on the Upper River Wharfe. Citizen sampling with lab analysis (Tier 3)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>iWharfe Eco-Ashlands project \u2013 the impact of untreated and treated effluent from Ilkley STW on the ecology of the River Wharfe. Citizen sampling with lab analysis for water chemistry, diatom algae and aquatic macroinvertebrates. &nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/friendsoftheriverwye.org.uk\/citizen-science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wye Alliance Citizen Science<\/a> \u2013 structured monitoring with a focus on identifying the source of nutrient pollution to River Wye &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/evaluation-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2153 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/evaluation-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/evaluation-640x641.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/evaluation-768x769.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/evaluation-50x50.png 50w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/evaluation.png 913w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 150px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 150\/150;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation: Assessing the impact of actions\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-style-reverse-stack is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1382\" height=\"1076\" data-src=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2135 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1382px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1382\/1076;width:730px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-1.png 1382w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-1-640x498.png 640w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-1-1024x797.png 1024w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-1-768x598.png 768w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-1-50x39.png 50w, https:\/\/castco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tier2-1-1280x997.png 1280w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1382px) 100vw, 1382px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Most likely 2 \u2013 perhaps 1 or 3 in some cases (dependent on resources\/scope of intervention or project) \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Purpose<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Provide evidence of the effectiveness of interventions and\/or restoration projects<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enable an adaptive management approach and identify the need for further interventions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Help inform the design of future interventions and projects &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Characteristics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Likely to share many characteristics of investigative monitoring \u2013 targeted, high data quality, more comprehensive training, strong Quality Control \/ Quality Assurance focus, limited duration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider BACI approach (Before \u2013 After \u2013 Control \u2013 Impact)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some degree of detailed data analysis and reporting required &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/research.ncl.ac.uk\/haltwhistleburn\/communityhub\/catchmentmanagement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Haltwhistle Burn community Natural Flood Management<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/research.ncl.ac.uk\/haltwhistleburn\/communityhub\/catchmentmanagement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">NFM) project<\/a> \u2013 fixed point photography and timelapse cameras &nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Purpose categories Four categories have been identified according to the primary purpose of each monitoring initiative: Engagement: Education and raising awareness Surveillance: Ecosystem health screening&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"ht-kb-category":[21,38],"ht-kb-tag":[],"class_list":["post-289","ht_kb","type-ht_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","ht_kb_category-purpose","ht_kb_category-testing-approaches"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Guidance: defining your primary monitoring purpose - CastCo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/castco.org\/knowledge-base\/monitoring-purpose\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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